Invasive Species That Threaten Ontario County
by Edith Davey
ontswcd5@rochester.rr.com

An invasive species is a non-native species whose introduction does or is likely to cause economic harm, environmental harm, or harm to human health. It is able to maintain its life cycle within the local area, can out- compete native species, and lacks habitat value for indigenous wildlife. 

Although many non-native species are desirable (most agricultural crops and animals are non-native) unwanted invasives cost time, effort and money to keep them at bay.  Although zebra mussels are usually the first animal that springs to mind when invasive species are mentioned, many other non-native species are present in Ontario County.

Below are some invaders that are threatening to become an unwelcome part of our local environment.  By acquainting the public with these pests, we hope to promote the application of appropriate controls and precautions in time to prevent their spread. Contact Ontario Soil and Water Conservation District (585) 396-1450, or Cornell Cooperative Extension of Ontario County (585) 394-3977 if you believe you have seen these species.
 
Asian Longhorned Beetle

These beetles and larvae attack hardwood trees, causing crown die-back and tree mortality. Look for large exit holes in bark,

Emerald Ash Borer Emerald Ash Borer larvae attack ash trees, creating extensive galleries under the bark, causing canopy dieback and discoloring of leaves. Look for main trunk sprouting.
Water Chestnut
 Water chestunut spreads rapidly, choking waterways and aquatic habitats. The hard, spiky seeds are a physical hazard to swimmers. Plants are annuals, but seeds remain viable for 5-12 years.
Japanese Knotweed An upright, shrub-like perennial that grows to over 10 feet in height, Japanese knotweed spreads quickly and forms dense thickets that exclude native vegetation. It greatly alters natural ecosystems.
Giant Hogweed Giant Hogweed was imported as an ornamental plant. It reachs 10-15 feet when in flower. Toxins in the clear, watery sap cause photo-dermatitis. Skin contact followed by exposure to sunlight produces large, painful, burning blisters that may develop into purplish or blackened scars. The sap is extremely dangerous to eyes.

Feral Pigs
Wild Boar

Herds of feral pigs are present in Cortland County, New York and adjacent areas. These are apparently decendants of game farm escapees, not domestic pigs. These animals are very adaptable, reproduce rapidly, move from one area to another readily, and are destructive to crops and forests.

(These photographs were not taken in New York. Colors vary from brown to black to spotted.)
New York State Agriculture & Markets and USDA's APHIS program have more information on invasive species. Links are available under the "Links" section of this website.